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ABSTRACT
In searching for the reasons behind the rising temperature a broad scope of potential triggering factors is currently investigated by the scientific community.
Among those are. those effects of extraterrestrial origin For the time span of the last one-and-a-half century it has been shown that there on the northern hemisphere is a negative correlation between the solar activity and the temperature exists on the Northern Hemisphere. However, beginning with the 1990’s, the overall temperature rise has increased to the extent that the scientific community has felt the need to search for new models capable of explaining this new phenomenon. As a physical explanation, variations in the irradiance from the sun have also been considered, but the effects have appeared to be too small to offer a complete explanation of the observed temperature rise.
Secondary effects of the solar activity have also attained increasing interest.
It has among others been assumed that the Galactic cosmic ray flux affects the generation of aerosol formation, as decreased solar activity would allow for a deeper intrusion of cosmic rays into the Earth’s atmosphere, which in turn is predicted to lead to an increase of the amount of condensation nuclei. Historic records further show that increased cloudiness namely corresponds to a decrease in the solar constant. The higher amount of aerosols, the higher the planetary albedo, and, accordingly a lower temperature.
The effects of varying cosmic rays have been estimated to be of the same order as the radiative forcing of the increase of CO since 1750. Given our knowledge today it is still difficult to judge, which the main forcing effects behind the increased temperature are. The results that have been attained tend to corroborate the assumption that Galactic cosmic rays have the effect on temperature, as proposed above. However, there are also a partial ambiguity of the results, which points to the need for further investigation of the field. How each proposed variable affects cloudiness and temperature must be further be explored and a serious effort be done aimed at attaining the ‘final formula’.


TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction – Different opinions about the origins to the climate change
1.1. Motives behind the work
1.2. Basic concepts
2. The different forcing factors responsible for the overall heating
2.1. The choice of order in treating the different forcing factors
2.2. Theories focusing upon the direct solar forcing
2.3. Research favouring galactic cosmic rays as an important factor behind the warmer climate
2.4. Oppositional views with respect to theories based on the galactic cosmic rays
3. Discussion
3.1. Discussion of the observations
3.2. Discussion of the mechanisms
4. Conclusions
5. Outlook
6. References